Modern Care Journal
Volume:11 Issue: 4, Dec 2014

Psychological empowerment، which is the sense of control over and motivation in work، plays a critical role in nursing professional competence. As a new motivational approach، its dimensions and factors affecting it are necessary to be known. This study was designed with an aim to determine psychological empowerment of the nursing personal of Birjand educational hospitals and factors relevant to it. In this analytical-descriptive study180 staffs were selected through Stratified – random sampling method among the nursing staff of educational hospitals in Birjand. Data was collected by the standard questionnaire «Psychological Empowerment Spreitzer». The obtained data was analyzed by means of SPSS software (V: 16)، statistical tests، independent t and ONWEY ANOVA at the significant level P<0. 05. Mean of total score was (41/29±11. 9). The highest mean score in psychological empowerment was in meaning dimension and the lowest mean score also was in independence dimension. In addition، there was a significant correlation between psychological empowerment and demographic characteristics (age، sex years of work job satisfaction، Satisfaction of the supervisors، Satisfaction of the hospital ward). Since the results showed that psychological empowerment of university hospitals was average، it is recommended to manmagers pay more attention to empowerment of nurses.

Depression is one of the mental disorders. Cognitive therapy is a client-centered approaches that relief of depression. This study was performed with the aim to systematically review the studies which evaluated the effect of cognitive therapy on depression. In this systematic review، electronic searching of clinical trials in data bases of Cochrane، Medline، Google scholar، EMBASE، Sid، Iranmedex and Magiran، were performed. Literature searched from 2003 to 2013 with the keywords of “cognitive therapy” and “depression” in the title and abstract of articles. Totally، 20 full text articles were reviewed. After searching، screening and evaluation، the final results showed that from total of studies، 16 researches have positive effects on cognitive therapy for depression، and only 4 researches had no effect on the improvement of depression. In 13 studies، cognitive therapy for psychiatric patients with depression had done that in 9 cases of them، the intervention was led to a decline in depression. Also، findings indicated that cognitive therapy is beneficial for depression clinical and nonclinical groups but this efficacy is very different in each group. Studies have investigated different people، small sample sizes، different cognitive therapy interventions and different cultural context have been carried out. According to findings، cognitive therapy on symptoms of depression had effectively. Further studies are needed for the effect of cognitive therapy alone، on depression.

Patient education plays an important role in controlling of diabetes. Non-attendance education، because they don’t have of limitations caused by time and space and facilitating the relationship between patient and care liaison، is an effective، simple and cheap method. The aim of this study is determination of effects of non-attendance information therapy on the control of HbA1C in type 2 diabetic patients in Isfahan. The present study is a quasi-experimental study with pre test and post test and control group. Statistical population were type 2 diabetics patients of Isfahan Endocrine and Metabolism Research Center، from which 64 people were randomly selected and divided in to intervention and control groups. The preliminary data were collected using HbA1C test and collection data form. After the intervention group received training package and SMS for 3 months، HbA1C was again determined in both groups. Data were analyzed using t-test، paired t-test، Mann-Whitney and chi-square. Results showed that diabetes patient''s HbA1C in both test and control groups had not meaningful difference (p<0. 97). The test group were significantly lower after the intervention compare to before the intervention (p<0. 001). But this difference was not showed in control group (p<0. 37). The comparison of the two groups showed that the HbA1C had a significant difference between the intervention and control groups (p= 0. 048). Follow-up of education of patients with type 2 diabetes through training packages and SMS had significant effects on the control of patient''s HbA1C. Also due to the low cost and high affectivity of this method، it is recommended to health care provider and treatment groups. This Study showed that having medical librarians along with treatment group can have a positive effect on the type 2 diabetic patients'' health.

The sublime objective of higher education at all educational levels is to promote the creativity power and academic achievement in university students to which learning style is the complementary half. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between physiological learning styles، creativity، and academic achievement among students at Birjand University of Medical Sciences during 2013-14 academic year. This correlational study included 322 students who were selected by randomized stratified sampling. Kolbe''s standard physiological learning style questionnaire and Abedi''s 60-item creativity questionnaire were used to collect data and students'' total score means were used to determine their academic achievement. The data were analyzed in SPSS (Version 14) using Pearson''s correlation، ANOVA، and independent t test at the significant level of p<0. 05. The total mean scores of female and male students were 16. 21±2. 16 and 15. 1±2. 76 respectively. There was a significant relationship between students'' learning styles (visual style، audio style)، creativity، and their academic achievement (p<0. 05). However، there was no significant relationship between movement learning style and academic achievement (p>0. 05). Creativity and academic achievement did not correlate significantly in terms of faculty and gender (p>0. 05). Given the result، students are recommended to get familiar with physiological learning styles such that they can adopt the style (s) appropriate for them. Professors should also pay attention to learning styles at the time of teaching.

Low blood pressure and muscle cramps are the most common complications of hemodialysis. These complications during hemodialysis cause patient intolerance. One approach that has recently been proposed to prevent this complication of dialysis is to change dialysate sodium concentration and remove the velocity of fluid، a procedure called sodium-ultrafiltration profile. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of linear sodium-ultrafiltration profile on the patient''s tolerance during hemodialysis.

This was a clinical trial with a crossover design. 30 hemodialysis patients referring to Be’sat Hemodialysis Center in Hamadan who had inclusion criteria were selected. Each of the patients received routine treatment for two sessions (where dialysate sodium concentration of 138 mmol/l remains constant from the first to the last day of dialysis، and ultrafiltration rate will not change) and two sessions of Profile 1 Na plus profile 1 ultrafiltration upon the physician’s order (sodium concentration dialysate at the beginning of dialysis was 146 mmol/l which was linearly decreased at the end of dialysis to 138 mmol/l; ultrafiltration also decreased in an automated and linear manner over dialysis). Data were analyzed in SPSS (version 16) using Paired t -Test، ANOVA with repeated observations، Tukey Post Hoc and Wolcoxon.

The mean age of patients was 50. 83±16. 71 years، and 53. 3% were female. The results showed that the incidence of hypotension was significantly reduced during linear profiles، as compared with controls (P<0. 05). And comfort level in the linear profile sodium-ultrafiltration was more. However، there was no significant difference between the incidences of muscle cramps in the two procedures.

Given the simplicity، cost-effectiveness، and reduced complications of sodium and ultrafiltration profiles during dialysis، we recommend using sodium and UF profiles instead of the routine method.

Health promoting behaviors are major determinants of health. Theory of planned behavior provides a useful framework for predicting and understanding health behavior. Integrating self-efficacy to the model will contribute to the prediction of behavior and intention. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between “Integrated model of planned behavior and self-efficacy” and health promoting behaviors of working women at reproductive age.

This research was a correlational study aimed to model testing. Two hundred female workers working in 5 different factories were selected using random sampling method. The valid and reliable health promoting behavior scale was used as a tool in this research. LISREL 8. 5 was used for data analysis.

The path analysis showed a significant path from self-efficacy to behavior. A significant negative path was also observed from daily hours of working and perceived behavioral to behavior. The path of subjective norms and self-efficacy to intention was significant. The path from education level toward attitude was significant. The path from working days to self-efficacy was negatively significant. Model fit indexes indicated the data were a good fit to the model.

In total، the integrated model of planned behavior and self-efficacy is appropriate for predicting health promoting behaviors among working women of reproductive age.

In developing countries، cervical cancer is the second most common cancer in women and in Iran the third is allocated between common cancers. Therefore، regular screening for the prevention of this disease is of great value. This study done، aimed to determine Pap smear screening behavior in women، according to the Trans-theoretical Model. In this cross-sectional study، selected 800 women referred to urban health centers Gonabad، with quota sampling method. The instrument was a researcher-made questionnaire including: demographic information، knowledge about cervical cancer and stages of change behavior pap smear screening of prochaska''s model. The obtained data were analyzed by SPSS 16. Mean age±SD of women was 36. 76±9. 25 years. The results indicate that 10. 3، 8. 4، 5. 1، 13. 1، 32. 6 and 30. 5 % of the women studied were in the stages of Pre-contemplation، Contemplation، preparation، Action، Maintenance، and Relapse، respectively. While 54. 3 percent of subjects had experienced uterine infection، only 33. 2% were aware of cervical cancer and how to recognize it. The statistical analyses show that there were significant difference between Pap smear screening behavior stage of change and age، marriage age، pregnancy age، pregnancy number، delivery number، child number and education، education and uterine infection background (P<0. 001). This study indicated that 54. 3 % of subjects do not Pap smear screening behavior and 66. 8% haven’t knowledge of cervical cancer and its early detection methods. Therefore، appropriate educational intervention based on stage of change for promotion of Pap smear screening behavior seems to be essential.

Palliative care is one of the most important concepts in nursing. The aim of this study was to interpret palliative care concept، its barriers and facilitators using meta-synthesis. In this meta-synthesis study، a systematic review was conducted and qualitative articles related to palliative care concept in Medline، Elsevier and Ovid in the period from 2002 to 2012 were selected. To facilitate the search، the terms “palliative care” and «qualitative research” were used by MeSH system. Then articles that exactly had studied palliative care concept and its related factors، and were published in English، were selected for analysis and were compared. In this study، 553qualitative articles related to palliative care concept were found and 44 articles were in close relation to palliative care concept which included 22 articles from Medline، 3 articles from Elsevier، and 19 articles from Ovid databases. In total، from the 44 qualitative articles in the period from 2002 to 2012، the full texts of 16 articles were selected and reviewed in an interpretive manner. Data were analyzed using open coding style. Results from interpretation of palliative care concept، its barriers and facilitators were categorized in 3 themes consisting of palliative care concept، palliative care facilitating، and palliative care threatening factors. In general، 35 codes were introduced as the most important elements in the context of palliative care. The results show that palliative care is a complex and multi-dimensional concept. Multiple factors are related to it which can facilitate or threaten it. In addition، the results of the present meta- synthesis showed that palliative care is not bounded by a specific time or place and enjoys a team and interdisciplinary approach.

Although breast feeding is one of the most important ways to improve child health، many mothers stop breastfeeding due to multiple factors and replace supplemental feeding. Therefore، it is important to apply appropriate methods for timely training of mothers in this area. This study compared the effectiveness of empowering mothers based on BASNEF model for breastfeeding during two periods، before and after delivery، on duration of exclusive breast feeding among primiparous mothers referring to Shariati Hospital in Isfahan، 2013.

In This quasi-experimental study، 99 nulliparous women attending Shariati Hospital were selected by convenience sampling method. After giving written informed consent، they were allocated to two intervention groups (i. e. group 1 before and group 2 after delivery) and one control group. The empowerment program which was based on BASNEF model components and behavioral objectives was conducted in one session where the participants were provided with a booklet and a phone number for later consultation. Duration of exclusive breast feeding was checked by telephone call during the 2nd and 4th months after delivery. Data were analyzes in SPSS (version 19) using descriptive statistics and inferential statistical tests including one-way ANOVA، chi-square، Bonfroni Follow-up at the significant level of α=0. 05.

The mean duration of exclusive breastfeeding was significantly more than those in the group that was significantly more in the 1st group than the 2nd or the 3rd group (p<0/05). This was more in the 2nd than the control group، but this difference was not significant (p>0/05).

Empowering mothers for breastfeeding prior to delivery is more effective in the promotion of exclusive breastfeeding than the postpartum period. So it is suggested that health officials use educational program for training mothers prior to delivery.

Nowadays is an era whose mental structure is overwhelmingly oriented towards deepening knowledge and attention to the creative and knowledge-based human resources. knowledge management and creativity in nursing and other health-related professions will result in improvement in patient care. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between knowledge management indices and creativity in Isfahan-based hospitals. This study is descriptive and corelational. The population included head nurses of some selected hospitals in Isfahan who were selected by census. Research instruments in this study consisted of two knowledge management and creativity questionnaires. There were 80 respondents in the study. The data were statistically analyzed by descriptive statistics (frequency، mean and standard deviation) as well as inferential statistics (corelational index and multiple regression). The results of the study indicated that there was a statistically significant relationship between knowledge management indices and creativity (r=0. 532) which was significant (p<0. 01). However، there was no significant relationship between mean scores of knowledge management and creativity in terms of tenure، gender and age. It is necessary for hospitals to apply more seriously approaches which are based on knowledge management so that creativity can be obtained by more effective application of knowledge and mental resources.